[1] Mayes, Edward, Genealogy of a Branch of the Longstreet Family, (privately published, abt. 1928) 16-17 (hereafter cited as Mayes).

[2] Mayes 17-18; The Longstreet Family of Monmouth County, New Jersey, Barbara Carver Smith, certified genealogist, (Avon-by-the-Sea, NJ: Monmouth Co. Park System: 1983) 5 (hereafter cited as Smith).

[3] Mayes, 21-22; Smith, 5.

[4] Mayes, 22; Longstreet, R. J., "A Longstreet Family History," (Deland, Florida, 1960) 16: quoted from The Longstreet Society http://john.rootsweb.com/Longstreet/History/history.html (hereafter cited as R. J. Longstreet).

[5] Mayes, 22; Longstreet, R. J.; Smith, 5; American Ancestry, Vol. 5, "James Carter Longstreet," (New York: Joel Munsell's Sons, Publishers, 1890) 189 (hereafter cited as AA). Gilbert Longstreet's Revolutionary War service is outlined from the Office of Adjutant General Records, State of New Jersey.

[6] Mayes, 22; Smith, 5; R. J. Longstreet, 18; AA, 189.

[7] ibid.

[8] ibid. The probability that Daniel Longstreet died about 1805 is based on references to or by him in the Augusta Chronicle Newspaper. The last mention of Daniel was dated December of 1805, and there is no further note of him in the records after that date. See land grants in Wilkes, Richmond, Washington, and Franklin Counties, Ga.; Officers of the Continental Navy and Marine Corps; Creek Indians & Rock Landing Treaty; Signatory, Secretary, 1789 Georgia Constitution.

[9] Mayes, 22; Smith, 5; R. J. Longstreet, 27-29; AA, 189. See any encyclopedic biographical reference; Yahoo Land Frauds; Minutes of the City Council of Augusta, Ga.; State of Georgia legislative record.

[10] Georgia's Roster of the Revolution, compiled by Lucian Lamar Knight, Baltimore, (Md.: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1967) 403. L. L. Knight was state historian for the Georgia Archives. This list or roster of soldiers was commissioned by the Legislature of the State of Georgia.

[11] R. J. Longstreet, 29.

[12] Mayes, 26-28.

[13] Wade, 4-9 (See, in part, the letters of Hannah Longstreet). James Longstreet was the father of General James Longstreet, one of the subjects of this paper. Although he lived until age 50, little is known of him except that he was a planter.

[14] Mayes, 24-28; R. J. Longstreet, 43; Smith, 10; Ancestry, 189.

[15] R. J. Longstreet, 43.

[16] Sarah Laura Wright Beckwith to Sarah Eve, 24 Dec. 1900. This letter reveals excellent details about the relationships between the Longstreet, Eve, and Carmichael families of early Augusta, Georgia.

[17] R. J. Longstreet, 43-44; Mayes, 25-27.

[18] Wade, 12. Although all of William's sons inherited his entrepreneurial skills in some degree, Gilbert was most like his father in that respect).

[19] R. J. Longstreet, 44; Mayes, 27-28. Abiel Camfield co-partnered a mercantile business with his brother-in-law, Gilbert Longstreet. Also, around 1815, he became one of the original incorporators of the Augusta Free School, established as an alternative school to the more expensive Richmond Academy. For more information about the Augusta Free School, see the ledger of the Minutes of the board meetings, 1820 - 1829, Special Collections, Reese Library, Augusta State College, Augusta, Ga.

[20] Mayes, 28; R. J. Longstreet, 44; Smith, 10; Meldrum, Mrs. Peter W., comp. Some Early Epitaphs in Georgia, (Georgia Society of the Colonial Dames of America, 1924).

[21] Mayes, 28-34 & 142-151; R. J. Longstreet, 44-45; Smith, 10; American Ancestry, 189. A sketch of A. B. Longstreet can "be found in almost any encyclopedia of American biography."

[22] From the gravestones of William White and Mary Ann B. White located in Summerville Cemetery and reproduced in the book, Summerville Cemetery, by the Augusta Genealogical Society.

[23] Mayes, 28; R. J. Longstreet, 45; Smith, 10, Ancestry, 189.

[24] Longstreet, James. From Manassas To Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America. (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, Co., 1896). (Hereafter cited as M.A.).

[25] Fitzgerald, Oscar P., Judge Longstreet: A Life Sketch. (Nashville: Publishing House of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, 1891) 173-174. (Hereafter cited as Fitzgerald).

X[26] M.A. 13.

[27] ibid. 15.

[28] "Ommissive rhetoric" is the unintentional omission of fact which leads to a misinterpretation of statement.

[29] Fitzgerald, 173-174.

[30] Longstreet, Helen D. Lee and Longstreet at High Tide. (Gainesville, Georgia: Self-published, 1904) 97 (Hereafter cited as H. D. Longstreet).

[31] Wade, John D. Augustus Baldwin Longstreet: A Study of the Development of Culture in the South, (Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1969) (Hereafter cited as Wade).

[32] Sanger, D. B. and Hay, T. R. James Longstreet: I. Soldier, II. Politician, Officeholder, and Writer. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1952) 6 (Hereafter cited as Hay).

[33] H. D. Longstreet, p. 93.

[34] ibid. 94.

[35] H. D. Longstreet, 94-97. This information comes from M.A., pp. 13-15 or contemporary sources and should be considered reliable)

[36] ibid. 97. This information in all probability came directly from the General and/or his memoirs. It is supported by accounts given by Douglas Southall Freeman in his sketch of the life of General James Longstreet in The Dictionary of American Biography, Vol. VI, Larned - Millington, pp. 391-393. This information is further corroborated by a family sketch published in The Macon Beacon, Feb. 1920 titled "In Memory of Mrs. Sarah J. Ames." Mary Ann and all the children moved to Alabama in late 1831 most likely soon after the birth of the youngest child, Sarah Jane. James Longstreet, Sr. "arranged to move to Alabama, sending his family before, but died of cholera at Augusta, before he could join them." She returned, after the threat of cholera had passed, in late 1833 or early 1834 to attend to the estate left her by her husband, James Sr. She remained in Augusta until late 1836 or early 1837 when she moved again, with all the children, to Somerville, Alabama. It was here that James Longstreet applied for admission to the Military Academy. Her son-in-law, Hutchison Dent, actually submitted the application to West Point through a kinsman, Rep. Reuben Chapman, on behalf of James Longstreet, Jr. Soon after her son received the coveted cadetship, Mary Ann moved to Tuscaloosa "for the better education of her children." It is possible she resided with her cousin, General Dennis Dent, who owned a large plantation in that area. The evidence strongly indicates that James Longstreet remained with his mother and family until he left for West Point.

[37] H. D. Longstreet, 97-98. The reference to Oxford comes directly from Fitzgerald's book as does the inference that Judge Longstreet was responsible for the educational needs of Mary Ann's son. At the time Judge Longstreet assumed the presidency of Emory at Oxford, James Longstreet, was already a third year cadet at West Point. At the time the aforementioned letter was written in 1846, 1st Lieutenant James Longstreet had just assumed command of "A" Company, 8th Infantry in Mexico. Helen was a first rate journalist. She was editess of her father's newspaper before the age of 20. It is difficult to understand how she could have missed the date of the letter and accepted Fitzgerald's interpretation of it . . . but she did.

[38] H. D. Longstreet, 97.

[39] Jones, Kathleen Paul and Jones, Pauline, Compls. Alabama Records. Vol. 49. "Miscellaneous Data." (Columbus, MS: Gandrud, Blewett Co.)

[40] Knox, John. A History of Morgan County, Alabama. (Decatur: Decatur Printing Co., 1967) 86

[41] Williams, Daniel W. "In Memory of Mrs. Sarah J. Ames." The Macon Beacon. February, 1920. (Hereafter cited as Ames) This is sketch of the life of Sarah Jane Longstreet, the youngest sister of General James Longstreet, which appeared in the Macon Beacon in 1920. It was written by her son-in-law as a tribute to her life. This article establishes a remarkably accurate timeline of the Longstreet family starting with James Longstreet, Sr., her father, which traces the family's movements & life up to the death of Sarah Jane in 1920

[42] ibid.

[43] Wade, 246.

[44] Fitzgerald, 174; H. D. Longstreet, 97-98.

[45] Connelly, Thomas L. The Marble Man. (Baton Rouge, La. : Louisiana State Press, 1977) 119. (Hereafter cited as Connelly).

[46] ibid. 62-98. See Chapter IV for a more thorough explanation of the anti-Longstreet adherents.

[47] "The Lost Cause," i.e., the history of the Civil War and the Southern interpretation of such. See Pollard's "Lost Cause," 1866.

[48] Sanger, 6.

[49] Chapman, John A. History of Edgefield County From The Earliest Settlements to 1897. (Newberry, SC: Clearfield, 1897) 76. (Hereafter cited as Chapman).

[50] See Appleton's Cyclopaedia of American Biography published 1888, vol. 4, or the U. S. Census Records 1850, 1860, etc., for information concerning James Longstreet.

[51] Wade, 83.

[52] King, Kimball. Augustus Baldwin Longstreet. (Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1984) 13 (Hereafter cited as King).

[53] Edgefield SC Deed Book, Bk 37, Edgefield Co. Probate Court Archives, Edgefield, SC, p. 92.

[54] ibid. Bk. 41. p. 9.

[55] Wade, 20.

[56] Wade, 5.

[57] Mayes, 26-27.

[58] H. D. Longstreet, 97.

[59] See Ames's sketch.

[60] U.S. Census, Habersham Co., Ga., 1830.

[61] U.S. Census, Richmond Co., Ga., 1840.

[62] Connelly, Thomas W. Occupation and Address Register of the Graduates of Emory College, Oxford, Georgia. Atlanta: Alumni Association of Emory College, 1910)

[63] U.S. Census, Gordon Co., Ga. 1850.

[64] Pitts, Lulie. "History of Gordon County." "Early Settlers of Gordon County-White's Statistics.(Calhoun: The Press of The Calhoun Times, 1933) ? (Hereafter cited as Pitts)

[65] Mayes, 28.

[66] Pitts, 88; White, George Rev. Historical Collections of Georgia. (New York: Pudney & Russell, Publishers, 1855) 475.

[67] American Ancestry, "James Carter Longstreet", vol. 5, (New York: Joel Munsell's Sons, Publishers, 1890) 189.

[68] Shaw, Elizabeth, Gordon County Georgia, Tombstone Records, Longstreet Cemetery History, "James C. Longstreet" < http://www.rootsweb.com/~gagordo3/longstreet_cem_history.htm > (electronic).

Works Cited

Augusta Genealogical Society. Summerville Cemetery. Augusta: McGowan Printing Co., 1990.

Beckwith, Sarah Laura Wright. "S. L. W. Beckwith to Sallie Eve." 24th December 1900. Letter. www.rootsweb.com. 1 January 2003<http://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/ga/cobb/history/letters/beckwith.txt>.

Chapman, John A. History of Edgefield County From The Earliest Settlements to 1897. Newberry, SC: Elbert Aull, 1897. 521 leaves + index & folding map.

Connelly, Thomas L. The Marble Man. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Univ. Press, 1977.

Connelly, Thomas W. Occupation and Address Register of the Graduates of Emory College. Atlanta: Alumni Association of Emory College, 1910.

Fitzgerald, Oscar P. Judge Longstreet: A Life Sketch. Nashville: Publishing House of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, 1891.

King, Kimball. Augustus Baldwin Longstreet. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1984. 156 leaves.

Knight, Lucian Lamar. Georgia's Roster of the Revolution." Georgia's Roster of the Revolution: Containing a list of the State's Defenders; Officers and Men; Soldiers and Sailors; Partisans and Regulars; whether Enlisted from Georgia or Settled in Georgia After the close of Hostilities." Comp. Lucian Lamar Knight. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1967.

American Ancestry.James Carter Longstreet. Vol. Volume 5. New York: Joel Munsell's Sons, Publishers, 1890. 240 leaves.

Longstreet, Helen. Lee and Longstreet at High Tide. Gainesville, GA: Self-published, 1904.

Longstreet, James. From Manassas To Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott and Co., 1895. 698 leaves, illus. w/portraits, engravings, and colored maps.

Longstreet, Rubert James. A Longstreet Family History. 1960. The Longstreet Society. Ed. John Longstreet Rhymes. 1 September 2006<http://john.rootsweb.com/Longstreet/History/history.html>.

Marine Corps Association. "Marines In The Fighting Tops." USMC: A Complete History. Ed. Colonel Jon T. Hoffman. Hong Kong: Hugh Lauter Levin Associates, Inc., 2002. 656 leaves w/illustrations & photographs

Mayes, Edward. Genealogy of a Branch of the Longstreet Family. Jackson: privately published, abt 189?. 181 leaves w/diagrams.

Meldrum, Mrs. Peter W., comp. Some Early Epitaphs in Gerogia. Georgia: Georgia Society of the Colonial Dames of America, 1924.

Smith, Barbara Carver. The Longstreet Family of Monmouth County, New Jersey. Avon-by-the-Sea: Monmouth County Park System, 1983. 47 leaves.

Smith, Charles R. Marines in the Revolution: A History of the Continental Marines in the American Revolution 1775 - 1783. Washington: History and Museums Div., Hdqs., USMC, 1975. 491 leaves, w/maps & illustrations.

Wade, John D. Augustus Baldwin Longstreet: A Study of the Development of Culture in the South. Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1969.